Tributyl Phosphate(TBP) acts as a solvent and plasticiser for cellulose esters such as nitrocellulose and cellulose acetate, performing similarly to tricresyl phosphate. It also serves as a flame retardant for cellulosic fabrics including cotton. Tributyl Phosphate(TBP) is capable of forming stable hydrophobic complexes with certain metals, and these complexes are soluble in organic solvents as well as supercritical carbon dioxide.
Industrially,Tributyl Phosphate(TBP) has extensive applications: it is used as a flame-retardant component in aircraft hydraulic fluids and brake fluids, a plasticiser in plastics manufacturing, an antifoaming agent, and a specialised solvent for general substance extraction and purification, as well as for separating and purifying rare earth metals from ores.